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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fisheriesjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Рыбное хозяйство</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fisheries</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0131-6184</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ГНЦ РФ ФГБНУ «ВНИРО»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36038/0131-6184-2025-1-102-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SAGWFG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fisheriesjournal-335</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКВАКУЛЬТУРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AQUACULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование микробиологических компонент в установке замкнутого цикла</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of microbiological components  in a closed-loop installation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калайда</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalaida</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калайда Марина Львовна – доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой  «Водные биоресурсы и аквакультура»</p><p>420066, Казань, ул. Красносельская, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina L. Kalaida – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture</p><p>420066, Kazan, Krasnoselskaya St., 51</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalayda4@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Говоркова</surname><given-names>Л. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Govorkova</surname><given-names>L. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Говоркова Лада Константиновна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры  «Водные биоресурсы и аквакультура»</p><p>420066, Казань, ул. Красносельская, 51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lada K. Govorkova – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture</p><p>420066, Kazan, Krasnoselskaya St., 51</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">govorkovagoncharenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафиуллин</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safiullin</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафиуллин Рашит Ракипович – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, руководитель </p><p>г. Казань,  ул. Александра Попова, дом 4А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rashit R. Safiullin – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head </p><p>Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, st. Alexandra Popova, building 4A</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatarstanniro@vniro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный энергетический университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazan state power engineering university<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Татарский филиал ФГБНУ «ВНИРО»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tatar branch of the Federal State Budgetary &#13;
Institution «VNIRO»<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калайда М.Л., Говоркова Л.К., Сафиуллин Р.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калайда М.Л., Говоркова Л.К., Сафиуллин Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalaida M.L., Govorkova L.K., Safiullin R.R.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fisheriesjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/335">https://fisheriesjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/335</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены вопросы формирования микробиоценоза модельной установки замкнутого цикла (УЗВ) с осетровыми рыбами. Приведены данные санитарно-показательных микроорганизмов в рыбоводной ёмкости и биофильтре. Рассмотрены микроорганизмы, участвующие в процессе очистки воды от азотистых метаболитов рыб. Показано, что в УЗВ, без применения обеззараживающих технологических узлов, складывается микробиом, формирующий санитарные характеристики вод и бактериопланктон, участвующий в круговороте азота. Выявлено, что в разных слоях биофильтра представленность микроорганизмов различна: наибольшее значение – в поверхностном слое биофильтра, где собирается фильтруемая загрузкой органика в условиях хорошей аэрации. Аналогичная картина отмечена у сапрофитных, колиформных бактерий. Обращает на себя внимание, если в природных водах сапрофитные бактерии составляют 0,01-0,1% от общего числа бактерий, то в условиях УЗВ эти соотношения – 76,9-89,5%. Аммонификаторы, начинающие процесс разложения метаболитов и органических загрязнений, интенсивно были представлены в поверхностном слое биофильтра, в зоне активного перемешивания средней части биофильтра – зонах наибольшей аэрации. Наблюдаемая картина распределения нитрификаторов была выровненной, их количество не превышало 2,6 тыс. КОЕ/мл.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The issues of microbiocenosis formation in a model closed-cycle installation (RAS) with sturgeon fish are considered. Data on sanitary indicator microorganisms in the fish tank and biofilter are presented. Microorganisms involved in the process of water purification from nitrogenous metabolites of fish are considered. It has been shown that in RAS without the use of disinfecting technological units (UV lamps, ozonizers), a microbiome develops, forming the sanitary characteristics of water and bacterioplankton participating in the nitrogen cycle. It was revealed that in different layers of the biofilter the representation of microorganisms is different: the highest value is in the surface layer of the biofilter, where the organic matter filtered by the load is collected under conditions of good aeration. A similar picture was observed in saprophytic and coliform bacteria. It is noteworthy that if in natural waters saprophytic bacteria make up 0.01-0.1% of the total number of bacteria, then under RAS conditions these ratios are 76.9-89.5%. Ammonifiers, which begin the process of decomposition of metabolites and organic contaminants, were intensively represented in the surface layer of the biofilter, in the active mixing zone of the middle part of the biofilter – the zones of greatest aeration. The observed pattern of distribution of nitrifiers was leveled, their number did not exceed 2.6 thousand CFU/ml.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>установка замкнутого цикла</kwd><kwd>осетровые рыбы</kwd><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>микробиологические показатели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>recirculating aquaculture system</kwd><kwd>sturgeon fish</kwd><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>microbiological indicators</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние мирового рыболовства и аквакультуры: достижение целей устойчивого развития 2022 / Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация Объединенных Наций. – URL: https:// www.fao.org/documents/card/ru/c/CC0461RU (дата обращения: 20.02.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The state of global fisheries and aquaculture: achieving the 2022 Sustainable Development Goals / Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. – URL: https://www.fao.org/documents/card/ru/c/CC0461RU (date of request: 02/20/2024). 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