After 1956, relations between the USSR and Japan in the field of fisheries began to develop rapidly. The ministers of fisheries of the two countries played a huge role in this process. During the existence of the USSR, an extensive legal base for such relations was formed. Modern fishing relations between Russia and Japan are regulated by a contractual basis, formed back in the Soviet period. The paper provides a detailed chronology of Soviet-Japanese fishing relations and the specific participation in this process of the Ministers of Fisheries of the USSR and Japan. An assessment is given of the current state of bilateral relations in the field of fisheries, which are mainly based on the legal legacy of the Soviet period. Painful points of relations, which also got from that time, are noted.

The present review examines the long-term trend of declining populations of "wild" Atlantic salmon in most European countries and northwestern regions of Russia, due to intensive fishing, poaching, anthropogenic impact on marine waters and freshwater river systems, logging, numerous dams and hydroelectric power plants on spawning rivers, destruction of aquatic biotopes and bottom biocenoses. Deep depression of the majority of Atlantic salmon populations has been observed in the Arctic fishing regions of the Russian Federation for more than 30 years, which has led to a decrease in average annual catches by more than 20 times over half a century. Since 2015, the Federal Center for Animal Health has been conducting research to identify the causes of viral and bacterial etiology diseases and the death of Atlantic salmon populations going to spawn in the rivers of the Kola Peninsula. Currently, in the course of research, the causes of disease and death of Atlantic salmon have not been established. This worries residents and the leadership of the Murmansk region, the scientific community, the Rosselkhoznadzor, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of Russia. Changes in the adaptive properties of fish, physiology, in the digestive system and etiology – the slaughter and death of Atlantic salmon in an aquatic environment contaminated with heavy metals, petro-hydrocarbons and other pollutants are considered through anthropogenic factors of influence. In the course of further comprehensive studies, the establishment of the causes of diseases and death of salmon will allow to develop a system of measures and recommendations for the elimination of diseases and death of Atlantic salmon in the rivers of the Kola Peninsula, to begin the restoration of salmon populations.

The purpose of the article is to show the need to reduce wholesale domestic prices for fish products and to propose economic methods for solving this problem. The relevance is associated with an unreasonable increase in wholesale prices, which are the basis of retail prices, which led to a decrease in the consumption of Russian fish. An analysis of prices for fish products was made. Data on the unreasonably close relationship between the wholesale prices for fish in Russia and the prices for frozen products on the Oslo stock exchange are given. The expediency of developing a methodology for determining wholesale prices in order to use them at auctions (Norwegian experience) is shown.

The legal status of the Legal Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), as one of the most important institutional mechanisms for the improvement and progressive development of international maritime law are considered in the article. Some decisions of the 110th session of the IMO Legal Committee adopted on key issues of international maritime and fisheries law are analyzed, on the basis of which conclusions and proposals are made to improve the international legal regulation of fisheries management.

Based on the materials collected in January-April 2023, the features of the fishing of the Okhotsk and Gizhiginsky-Kamchatka herring living in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk are considered. The areas of operation of vessels in the fishery are shown, the indicators of average catches of large and medium-tonnage vessels and the number of fishing vessels are given by month. Data on the average body length of herring, by-catches of pollock and juvenile herring are presented.

During a period of high stock levels chub mackerel migrates to Russian waters for feeding and become available for domestic fisheries. In 2016, the domestic mackerel fishery was organized after a long break. Mackerel catches increased until 2018, followed by a slight decline. Based on the materials of the autumn survey conducted in Russian waters of the Northwest Pacific Ocean in 2020, the size and age composition, biological condition and nutrition of chub mackerel during feeding in the South Kuril zone is given.

The cessation of stocking of the Vistula Lagoon with eels by Poland in the period from 1995 to 2004, and the ongoing depression of the eel population, led to a decrease in eel catches in both parts of the bay to 4–5 tons / year by the end of the first, most of the second decade of the 21st century. The tendency of eel population decrease was even more pronounced in the Curonian Lagoon, which has never been stocked with eel in historical retrospective. Eel catches in the Russian part of the bay fell from 150 tons in 1970 to 3-4 tons by the 1990s. and less than 1 ton in the present century. Stocking pasture reservoirs with young eels is a way not only to preserve eel stocks, but also to reasonably increase catches. In solving this problem, the question of the value of the commercial return coefficient becomes.

The article presents the results of hydrobiological monitoring of the water area of the Sea of Azov in the late autumn period of 2021. The characteristics of the taxonomic composition and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton are given, the distribution of hydrobionts by dominant species is shown, and community structure and spatial distribution are determined.

The northern part of the Agrakhan Bay belongs to one of the main fishery reservoirs of the Tersko-Caspian region, which plays a major role in the formation of stocks of valuable passing, semi-passing and lake-river fish species. In the last 2019-2022, due to a critical decrease in the flow of the Terek River and a drop in sea level, the hydrological regime deteriorated significantly, which led to a sharp shallowing and overgrowth of the Northern Agrakhan. The performed studies have shown that although, in general, the hydrochemical regime in the reservoir remains relatively favorable for the growth and development of hydrobionts, but over the past 8 years there has been a deterioration in a number of defining indicators, so a decrease in the content of dissolved oxygen in the water is recorded, especially in the summer, which sometimes dropped to critical levels. Hydrobiological studies have established that planktonic and benthic communities have not undergone significant changes and, as before, are subject to seasonal fluctuations, but the predominance of the highest tough vegetation of reeds and cattails covering more than half of the surface of the reservoir leads to a decrease in the bioproductivity of the northern part of the Agrakhan Bay.

The need for high-quality fish products of aquaculture, the need to reduce the anthropogenic burden in the production process on the environment require an appropriate modern regulatory framework for the sustainable development of aquaculture. The paper reflects key regulatory documents in the systemic transformation and enforcement of aquaculture production based on interdisciplinary research. Current aquaculture regulations are described. The experience of their application and options for their implementation in various areas of aquaculture production were considered.

Nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia sp. are the optimal starter food for many fish and crustaceans species. For this reason, technologies for their production are being improved, including the activation of cysts. The effect of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on hatching process a as activator was studied. Its optimal concentration has been determined; it amounts to 0.2-0.4 ml/l. The reasons for various impacts of hydrogen peroxide on different Artemia cysts are formulated. The dynamic of brine shrimp hatching with and without the activator was studied. It has been established that the addition of a hydrogen peroxide solution as an activator increases the hatching of Artemia nauplii, however, it does not impress on the rapidity of Artemia nauplii release from cysts.

The design features and scientific equipment are considered for modern foreign small-sized catamaran vessels, which were put into operation in 2015-2023. Two groups of catamarans are distinguished – those made of reinforced fiberglass (also referred to as composite) and built with aluminum alloys resistant to the effects of the marine environment. Information is analyzed on 15 catamaran vessels with a maximum length from 12 to 20 m, the main characteristics of which are summarized in the table. The main features of the deck-laboratory complex and standard scientific equipment of vessels are considered. The results of the analysis draw attention to the current trends in the development of small-sized RV catamarans for fishery purposes.

Rigid netting structures are elements, parts of commercial fishing gear and aquaculture cages. They serve to enclose or filter hydrobionts, they are engineering structures. Rigid netting structures can be used as inserts in commercial fishing gear, as well as selective gratings and elements that prevent hydraulic backwater in trawls. They are also elements of stationary fishing gear, such as winders or other fishing gear or barriers. In aquaculture cages, rigid netting structures, the elements of which have a sufficiently large value of the longitudinal and transverse modulus of elasticity E, are parts that ensure the strength of the netting structures. Mesh rigid structures are made of plastic or aluminum rods in the form of cylinders, which can be either smooth or twisted. The article considers the application of a numerical method for determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of mesh rigid structures using the software developed by the authors. A schematization of a rigid netting structure, a mathematical model based on Navier-Stokes partial differential equations, a computational domain, initial and boundary conditions are proposed. The calculation was carried out on a regular computational grid using an implicit finite-difference scheme using the methods of coordinate-wise splitting, linearization of nonlinear equations with subsequent correction of nonlinear coefficients, and solution of the obtained tridiagonal systems by the sweep method. The results of numerical experiments are presented in the form of visualization of pressure on the surface of various mesh structures at various angles of attack.

In solving the problem of determining the mass fraction of glaze on frozen glazed food fish products, the methods of its determination are fundamental. GOST 31339-2006 ≪Fish, non-fish objects and products from them. Acceptance rules and sampling methods≫ (Amendment № 2) provides for the use of three methods of glaze removal from the product – air, watering and immersion in a container with water. The article considers one of the methods – immersion in a container with water in terms of modifying of the water-product ratio (hydromodule). The works carried out on frozen glazed invertebrates showed the advisability of using a hydromodule 1:6 by mass (invertebrates : water).

A lot of attention is currently being paid to the production of products with a high degree of processing in the fishing industry. The article analyzes the current technical documentation regulating the basic requirements for minced fish, and the technologies and technological equipment installed at the enterprises of the Far Eastern basin in the production of minced fish "Surimi" from pollock. The yield of minced fish "Surimi" from pollock was determined depending on the fishing areas, the biological state of the fish and the raw materials used. It was found that the yield of minced fish "Surimi" from pollock extracted in the West Bering Sea and East Kamchatka zones is higher than from pollock of the Sea of Okhotsk.

The level of scientific and technical literature related to the research topic is analyzed. Unexplored areas in the technique and technology of baked fish and vegetable products have been identified. In the process of research, the issues of combining lean fish species with products of animal and vegetable origin, mutually complementing the amino acid composition of the finished product, were considered. The main raw material for the manufacture of cutlets, soufflé, scrambled eggs and casseroles was fresh-frozen pollock fish with the addition of vegetable powders: sublimated dill, parsley and paprika, and onion, orange and yellow carrots, milk, butter and chicken eggs were used as vegetable and animal raw materials. . For heat treatment, sparing methods and modes of heat treatment were chosen: baking in a combi oven in the “steam” and “heat” modes. Based on the modeling of the components of the recipe, taking into account their biological value, new taste qualities of soufflé, casserole and scrambled eggs stuffed with the addition of powdered additives and vegetables that perform an additional structuring role were obtained. Soufflé, scrambled eggs and casserole prepared according to the traditional recipe available in the regulatory documentation were used as control. The dependences of raw and heat-treated products and their influence on the structure of soufflé and scrambled eggs are revealed. The sensory characteristics of new dishes were obtained, taking into account the processing in a combi steamer. The parameters of technological processes during baking in the "steam" and "heat" modes at a temperature of 180-200°C were established. The dependences of milk, eggs and butter on the binding components of the recipe - rice flour and powdered vegetable additives - were revealed. The resulting model composition of the recipes meets the requirements, regulatory documentation and consumer preferences. Comparative analysis of the content of essential amino acids in the developed products "Fish soufflé", "Fish baked with egg and milk sauce", "Smile stuffed omelette" and "Baked pollock cutlets" showed that the content of such amino acids as leucine, lysine, threonine, their phenylalanine is slightly higher than the control sample. They are characterized by a high content of essential amino acids that limit the biological value, g / 100 g of the product: lysine - 0.213-1.708; methionine - 0.104-0.570; tryptophan - 0.057-0.202.