This article describes the area where fisheries are regulated by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO), as well as the regulatory measures for it, both currently in use and recommended for application. Possible regulatory setbacks for Russian fisheries presented by both actual and developing fishing rules are analyzed.

Russia has a long-standing, albeit difficult, relationship in the field of fisheries with Japan, including close scientific and technical cooperation. The domestic specialized literature contains little information about the scientific support of the Japanese fishing industry. To fill this gap, the article provides information about the process of formation of fisheries science in Japan, its components at the present time, and the legislative regulation of this area. An analysis of the relationship between the state and the entire scientific community working in the interests of the fishing industry is given. Japanese fisheries science is assessed as a highly structured, complex system. The main problems in this area at present are given.

n early November 2023, the 92nd scientific survey of the R/V "Academician Mstislav Keldysh" to the Kara Sea was completed. The main areas of work of the expedition of the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the 92^nd scientific voyage (head of the expedition, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhail Flint) are climatic trends and accumulated environmental risks in Arctic ecosystems [1]. One of the objectives of the multidisciplinary research of the expedition was to collect samples of microplastics during 15-minute trawling with the Manta neuston net 335 mkm to assess its quantity and distribution pattern in the surface during ice formation in the Kara Sea. The scientific work carried out by VNIRO scientists within the framework of the Agreement of Intent on Cooperation in Research Activities between VNIRO and IO RAS dated 07.08.2018 and the Program of Joint Scientific Research of Rosrybolovstvo and the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2021 and Subsequent years dated March 3, 2021, allowed updating data on the distribution of microplastics, fibers and other anthropogenic pollutants in various areas of the sea, including its bays, gulfs and the waters at the edge of the ice. Observations in October 2023 did not reveal localization and abnormal concentrations of microplastics within the boundaries of the surveyed water area.

The fundamental reasons for the decline in the number of natural salmon herds in the countries of the northern Pacific basin and in the southern waters of the Russian Far East are given. It is shown how the scientifically unjustified creation of a system of salmon hatcheries caused the formation of negative ecosystem, social and economic consequences from large-scale artificial cultivation of all types of Pacific salmon. The colossal influence of ecological and epigenetic influence on the transformation of ontogenesis, reduction of vitality and reproduction of healthy offspring, loss of navigation-innate instinct (homing) in artificially raised Pacific salmon of the genus Oncorhynchus is considered.

Due to the active development of marine transportation infrastructure and possible occurrence of accompanying hydrocarbon pollution, there is a need to develop new safe methods of both direct elimination of pollution and its consequences. One of the promising and safe ways is the use of products based on oil-degrading microorganisms. In this work the influence of Arthrobacter psychrochitiphilus ARC 42 strain on the main links of marine ecosystems is considered. It was found that the studied strain did not inhibit the development ofsaprophytic microbiota, in high concentrations influenced the development of phytoplankton culture, practically had no effect on benthic organisms. Strain ARC 42 in the recommended concentrations is safe for fish and does not affect their physiological parameters. Experiments with the addition of oil revealed the absence of toxicity of its decomposition products, which confirms the safety of using the preparation based on this strain.

This publication is a review of a book devoted to the problems of environmental pollution by oil and petroleum products. The textbook describes the characteristics of oil, its physico-chemical properties are considered. Various methods of monitoring the habitat during its pollution are given to obtain the most complete information about the state of polluted water areas and territories. The necessity of using such methods to obtain the most complete information about the state of the polluted environment with oil and petroleum products is shown.

The article provides a brief overview of the work devoted to the analysis of the current water quality standard for temperature. The article presents a retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the system of water quality regulation of water bodies both in Russia and abroad, an analysis of the regulatory legal framework governing the issue of establishing requirements for water quality standards. The analysis of stock data and literature sources on the study of the influence of temperature on the state of aquatic organisms, including ichthyofauna, is carried out. It was found that when approving the current temperature standard, no studies were conducted on marine ecosystems, and the peculiarities of the temperature regime of the southern seas were not taken into account. In order to develop reasonable proposals on the need to adjust the temperature standard, a program of integrated marine research in the Black Sea has been developed.

The article discusses the history of the formation of the system of national accounts (SNA), from the XVII century to the present day. The contribution of not only Western economists L. Pacholi (XV century), W. Petty (XVII century), F. Quesnay (XVIII century), A. Marshal (XIX), but also Russian economists not only of the XVII- XVIII centuries, but also of the Soviet Union and Russia. The article presents the main indicators of the modern SNA. It is shown that the main indicator of the SNA assessment in fisheries is uncultivated aquatic biological resources, assessed as the main capital asset. The authors believe that further improvement of the SNA is required. At the first stage of the work, it is advisable to bring the list of indicators to the system adopted by the state statistics bodies in 2008.

The article analyzes the history of fishing, production of food fish products and its per capita consumption by the population of Russia, as well as their significance for the implementation of the Doctrine of Food Security. The domestic method of calculating the consumption of fish products by the population is considered, compared with the methods of other countries and international intergovernmental organizations. The data on the average per capita consumption of fish and fish products in Russia and in a number of countries with developed fisheries and market economy are presented. Measures aimed at increasing the consumption of fish products by the population of Russia are proposed.

The article presents data on the fishery and stock status of Pacific cod in the northwestern part of the Bering Sea for the period from 1968 to 2024. It is shown that the increase in commercial stocks of this species to an abnormally high level (1.1-1.6 million tons) was due to the warming of water masses in the north of the sea and the formation of an accessible food supply, which contributed to the emergence of several productive generations and determined a high level of fish migration from the eastern parts of the sea. The significant biomass of Pacific cod made it possible to increase its predicted and actual catches to 120.0 and 105.3 thousand tons, respectively. The process of cooling of the Bering Sea waters, which began in 2021, with a simultaneous increase in the area of the cold Laurentian spot, limiting the spread of cod aggregations to the north-west of the sea, the exit of numerous generations of 2011, 2017, 2018 from fishery and the lack of new productive generations led to a decrease in fish stocks and catches to the average long-term level. The ongoing processes in the population dynamics of Pacific cod in the northwestern Bering Sea and the accompanying consequences for the efficiency of its fishery must be taken into account when making specific management decisions regarding resource users of this species.

The history of the study and fishing, the main biological indicators of the blue king crab Paralithodes platypus, living in the north-western part of the Sea of Okhotsk, are considered. Based on the materials collected in 2003-2022, the course of fishing and catching of this crab is analyzed. It is shown that the prospects of industrial development of this valuable object in the coming years do not cause concerns.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the distribution of volumes (quotas) of pollock production (catch) between users for industrial, coastal fishing and quotas for investment purposes of fishing in the North Kuril fishing Zone from 2015 to 2022.

The infection of three species of greenlings of the genus Hexagrammos, and two species of single-finned greenlings of the genus Pleurogrammus, was examined by myxosporeans.

In the myxosporeans fauna of greening fish, 6 species of myxosporeans were found: Sphaeromyxa hexagrammi, Zschokkella russelli, Ceratomyxa azonusi, Alataspora bialata, Kudoa azoni, Kudoa sp. At the same, three species (S. hexagrammi, C. azonusi, K. azoni) are specific only to greenling fish. Two species (Z. russelli, A. bialata) are broadly specific, Kudoa sp. not determined to species

It was established that in the common greenlings the infection with myxosporeans was low, and the composition of the fauna was poor. The one-finned greenlings, in contrast to the common-finned greenlings, were more infected and had more myxosporeans species in their fauna. But both greenlings are dominated by the gallbladder species Sphaeromyxa hexagrammi, and muscle parasites of the genus Kudoa (K. azoni, K sp.), but the nature of infestation and distribution across the study areas are very different. First of all, with the biology of these greenlings. A smaller degree of differences in the common greenlings in the expansion of invasion by various species of myxosporeans less ecological plasticity of these species, compared to the single-finned greenlings.

Gammarids are a type of biological resources, the exploitation of which in Western Siberia has been successfully continuing for the second century. The catch of gammarids per unit area, the dynamics of biomass and their ratio in the lakes of the Kurgan region in the period 2000-2022 are considered. The trend of decline in commercial stocks of gammarids in recent years (2019-2022) compared with the period 2000-2015 is traced, the dynamics of catch is presented. The possibility of the impact of fishing on the reduction of stocks is discussed, it is proposed to change the procedure for submitting forecasts of the recommended catch of gammarids in inland waters in order to preserve and long-term operation of their stocks.

The paper presents the results of assessing the conditions of spawning migrations of fish in the section of the Prokhladnaya River by conducting hydroacoustic studies of the topography of its bottom. This reservoir is a water body of fishery status of the highest category and ensures the reproduction of anadromous fish species living in the Baltic Sea (salmon, trout, lamprey), as well as important commercial fish species of the Kaliningrad (Vistula) Bay (bream, pike perch, roach, smelt, silver bream, burbot and etc.). The study of morphometric characteristics was carried out using the AsCor software and hardware complex by obtaining spatially distributed depth values in the study area and subsequent construction of a bottom surface model. In the course of the studies carried out, a method for planning a hydroacoustic survey rote on water bodies was developed, a model of the relief of the bottom of this water body was obtained in the form of a regular matrix of depth values, on the basis of which a longitudinal profile of the Prohladnaya River was built. The results of the work made it possible to give a general description of the channel in the study area, as well as to determine the presence of a shoal up to 250 meters long in its mouth part, which has a negative impact on the conditions of spawning migrations of fish.

The paper presents materials on the state of aquatic bioresources and their habitat in the Dnieper River within the borders of the Smolensk region, according to 2019 data. The ichthyofauna of the Dnieper River within the surveyed area did not differ in species diversity: 10 species of fish belonging to the families Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae) and perch (Percidae) were identified. Roach (Rutilus rutilus) dominated, the subdominants were chub (Squalius cephalus) and perch (Perca fluviatilis). The average oligochaete index, ranging from 21 to 50%, characterizes the waters of the river as slightly polluted and belonging to class II quality. The composition of phytoplankton was dominated by diatoms and green algae. As part of zooplankton, representatives of the genus Brachionus dominated among rotifers, and crustaceans of the genus Bosmina dominated among branchiformes. The composition of zoobenthos was dominated by larvae of chironomids, subdominants – oligochaetes. The Dnieper River within the borders of the Smolensk region, according to our data, is characterized by the level of development of phytoplankton and zooplankton as a "low-feeding" area for phytophagous fish and zooplanktophages, and by the level of development of zoobenthos as a "high-feeding" area. The ichthyofauna of the studied area is characterized by the presence of predatory and omnivorous fish, the presence of phytophages and zooplanktophages is not characteristic, which may be due to the peculiarities of the state of the natural food supply.

The paper presents the results of selecting methods for establishing the growth rate, generation time and doubling of the biomass of yeast cells Rhodotorula spp., which are part of probiotic feed preparations for aquaculture objects. The identified atypical period of the lag phase was observed on both studied nutrient media (Lundin, YEPD), where instead of an increase in the biomass of the culture, some of the introduced cells died. The results obtained provide the basis for further study and search for new highly productive strains of Rhodotorula spp., selection of technological regimes for obtaining feed preparations based on them, modification and optimization of the composition of the culture medium to increase the growth of yeast biomass.the development of feed production.

The results of a production experiment with juvenile muksun carried out at the Sob fish hatchery (Kharp village, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) are presented. The purpose of the experiment, as an important element in the compensatory measure for the reproduction of valuable fish species, was to increase the biopotential of juveniles for their release into the Ob. For several days before hatching, the embryos were treated with ultra-weak pulsed magnetic fields in a specific frequency range. In the postembryonic period, control and experimental muksun juveniles were studied using morphometric and cytological-histological methods. It was established that the experimental juveniles during the entire growing period exceeded the control ones in most parameters, and before release into the Ob River for feeding, the weight of the experimental muksun fry significantly exceeded the weight of the control juveniles. When assessing the nature and degree of connection between morphometric parameters using cluster analysis, it was shown that by the time the experiment was completed, a higher correlation between traits was observed in the experimental juveniles, which is additional confirmation of its increased balance in the development process. The level of formation of the gonads of the reproductive system in the experimental individuals also exceeded the development of the gonads of the control ones - in terms of size and rate of sexual differentiation, number and cytometric indicators of germ cells. The data obtained allow us to consider it advisable to apply this approach in the practice of compensatory fish farming.

The article presents the results of the evaluation of two-years-old female rainbow trout, matured at the beginning, middle and the end of spawning season, by body weight, reproductive characteristics, embryo survival and the frequency of occurrence of fish with bicycle maturation. Significant differences in the mass of eggs were revealed depending on the timing of ovulation.

The survival rate of embryos did not depend on the weight of eggs and had high rates in fish that matured in the middle and end of spawning. The frequency of occurrence of bicyclic females among groups of two-year-olds who matured at different times had great differences. The data obtained are important when conducting breeding in order to shift the spawning season and create new layering and trout breeds when breeding in RAS.

The paper evaluates the results of the genetic analysis of the breeding core of sarboyan carp LLC "Eco-Park". The analysis was carried out using PCR diagnostics using the COXI gene. The predominant halpotypes of the breeding group of sarboyan carp have been identified. Analysis of the median network of haplotypes showed that the considered haplotypes of carp and wild carp form two haplogroups connected through 1 haplotype. One of the most numerous haplotypes among them is H1; it includes up to 78% of the studied array of fish. The stock of fish taken for the study was studied according to 8 grading measurements (body weight, absolute body length, body length without caudal fin, greatest height, width and girth). A comparative analysis of the physique features of male and female fish belonging to different haplotypes was carried out. Within the haplogroup there is sexual dimorphism based on morphological characteristics. Males and females differ significantly in weight, thickness and girth of the body, as well as the corresponding body indices. The second most numerous haplogroup is H16, its females exceed males in body weight, thickness and girth. A comparison of males from different groups h1 and h16 did not reveal differences in morphological characteristics; the same patterns were established in relation to the exterior of females. Phylogenetic analysis carried out on the basis of its own haplotypes and haplotypes taken from the international NCBI database confirms the known information that sarboyan carp is a deeply hybrid group created on the basis of introductory crossing of belarusian carp and amur carp.

The paper identifies the factors that did not allow the effective domestic fishing of Pacific squid to be practically realized, a concept has been developed that allows solving the tasks of this fishery, taking into account the advance of the level of development of modern fishing. The concept of improving the squid's thinking was developed based on the work of the authors of the models and a new approach to the design of LED lamps with a choice of diodes (495 nm wavelength) was proposed, allowing to maintain the efficiency of extraction on conventional vessels, as on specialized squid fishing vessels, as well as to regulate the depth of light penetration while preserving the squid attraction zone.