This article discusses a number of issues regarding the development of modern technologies for the industrial production of starter cultures, enzymes and food ingredients within the framework of the national project “Technological support for Bioeconomics”, the implementation of which starts in 2026. It is assumed that part of the work will be assigned to startups, which are knowledgeintensive businesses focused on rapid scaling and the introduction of innovative technologies, characterized by technological novelty and the search for a unique business model.
For such an organization to carry out these works in order to obtain relevant results, it is crucial to find sources of financing, while it should be noted that there are no unambiguous financing options for startups, each country approaches this issue in its own way, taking into account the national mentality and established business models. As foreign experience shows, the goals of achieving final results require large amounts of financial resources, but we do not see such a practice in Russia yet. In our case, it’s not even about financing, but about the fact that for Russia, the scientific solution to complex issues was solved not through the creation of various kinds of startups, but on the basis of established research institutes.
Can startups do some of the work on the implementation of this national project? They probably can, but this issue should be decided by the participants in the development of this document. How to organize work to achieve the goals of the national project “Technological support for Bioeconomics” is the task of the executive authorities responsible for its implementation.

The study examines the key strategic regulatory and legal acts of the Russian Federation defining priority areas for the development of the country’s fisheries complex. It establishes that Russia’s fishing industry is continuing its systematic efforts to ensure food security for the country, as well as expanding strategic cooperation within the Union State, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Commonwealth of Independent States, BRICS, and other associations on food security issues. An analysis of aquatic bioresource development in the Northern Fisheries Basin is provided. The role of fisheries science and commercial aquaculture production, including in the country’s Arctic regions, is highlighted. A number of priority tasks have been developed to effectively address issues that can guarantee social, economic, and environmental sustainability in the Arctic fishing industry.

The article summarizes the theoretical aspects of creating a marketing strategy for the sale of Kamchatka fish products in premium segments. It is shown that the diversification of markets and channels is not only a growth driver, but also a risk management tool, and hypotheses associate endto-end traceability with a decrease in price elasticity in B2C. It is explained that operational reliability is the basic condition for access to premium channels. A two-circuit pricing scheme for premium fish products is described. In communication strategies, the focus shifts from discounts to quality evidence, texture visualization, and recipes. The results of the conducted research confirm the high potential of the premium segments.

The article presents the first assessment of the commercial stock and value of aquatic bioresources in the coastal zone of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk within Khabarovsk Krai. Overall, proven reserves amount to over 2,000,000 tons, valued at approximately 700 billion rubles (up to $ 9 billion). The most valuable resources in monetary terms are herring, flounder, crabs, shrimps, kelp, and bivalves, which together accounted for 89% of the total assessed commercial stocks value. Coastal resources are chronically underutilized. To increase their development, we need cooperation between enterprises, improved legislation, the creation of specialized retail networks in Russia, and export of new products.

The Okhotsk herring spawning season in 2025 had significant features. Unusually, it began at low temperatures (≤2 °C). However, embryo development at unfavorable temperatures (averaging 3.04 °C) did not result in an increase of their elimination (6.2%). The potential spawning range developed according to productive type I, but was realized according to low-productivity type IV: 2/3 of the spawning grounds were located in the northeast of the range. However, the recorded area of spawning grounds was close to the maximum (50.37 km² ), with spawning supersites extending up to 52 km and covering up to 19.7 km² . Contrary to previously identified patterns, spawning densities were unevenly distributed: an average of 1.83 million eggs/m² in the southwest and 4.23 million eggs/m² in the northeast. Population fecundity (173 trillion eggs) was close to maхimal, but spawning stock biomass fell from 2.270 million tons in 2020 to 1.789 million tons in 2025. This is likely due to the degradation of spawning grounds: the disappearance of local spawning sites, the disappearance of Zostera marina as a spawning substrate, and a 1.6-fold decrease in average specific vegetation substrate biomass. Therefore, conservative regulatory scenarios for the Okhotsk herring fishery must be adhered to in the near future. To adequately account for the stock, outdated vessels must be replaced with modern, high-speed, and highly productive ones. This is important, especially in the context of the ambiguous development of oceanographic processes in the north of the Sea of Okhotsk and their direct impact on the formation of herring replenishment.

Data are presented on the distribution, biology and fishing of two sympatric sibling flatfishes – arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) and Kamchatka flounder (A. evermanni). Both species are characterized by a similar ecology, but arrowtooth flounder halibut has a wider range and greater ecological plasticity to environmental conditions. The results of a comparative analysis of the biology of arrowtooth flounder and Kamchatka flounder in their shared habitat – the East Kamchatka zone – are presented. Maturation ogives for two species of halibut are given. The linear and weight growth of Kamchatka flounder is described.

The article presents the results of a long-term (1990–2024) study of the fish species composition of the lower reaches of the Neman River within the Kaliningrad Oblast, based on the analysis of commercial and scientific catches. A total of 42 species of fish and fish-like species were identified. Differences in species diversity depending on the type of fishing gear (scientific vs. commercial) and season are demonstrated. The most complete data on species composition were obtained using a combination of scientific fishing gears during the spring season. A logarithmic relationship was established between the number of hauls and the number of species detected: describing the complete ichthyofauna of a large river requires more than 3000 hauls per year. The presence of invasive species (round goby, monkey goby, Amur sleeper) is noted.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the transformation of the morphometric characteristics of the Promyslovaya River channel (Curonian Lagoon basin) following reclamation works conducted in 2023-2025. The study is based on a comparative analysis of bathymetric survey data from before (2021) and after (2025) the interventions, as well as data from control fishing surveys of the watercourse’s fish fauna during the periods of 2018-2022 and 2025. It was found that the reclamation works led to pronounced changes in channel morphometry. At six representative cross-sections, an increase in average depth by 30-40%, channel width by 1.8-2.9 times, and an average increase in cross-sectional area by 176% were recorded, which radically improved the watercourse’s capacity. The most substantial transformations occurred in the previously silted mouth and transition zones. Analysis of the ichthyological data revealed certain changes in the structure of the fish community. After the works, the European smelt, a valuable migratory species and an indicator of improved migration conditions, was recorded in the river for the first time. A redistribution of the proportions of dominant species and changes in the size and species structure of the river’s fish community were also documented. The obtained results indicate the successful achievement of the reclamation works’ goal – improving conditions for spawning migrations of fish. The necessity of establishing long-term monitoring to consolidate the positive effect is substantiated.

Based on the results of a factor analysis of morphometric features, microsatellite loci and mitoobjects of sturgeons of the Pontypatic sector, the semantic interpretation of the interaction of nuclear (Mendeleev genetics) and cytoplasmic (mitoobject composition) genomes in the form of a single integrity is considered – a plane in the space of three main factors. Regression dependences “weight – haploobject composition”, “weight – composition of alleles of microsatellite loci” and “composition of alleles of microsatellite loci – haploobject composition” are constructed. Direct and reverse morphometric, mitoobject, and allele waves of microsatellite loci are determined based on the results of factor analysis of samples from various reservoirs in the Pont Pacifica sector.

Comprehensive studies were carried out on three water bodies in the Astrakhan region at different distances from the locations of active fish farms. Standard methods of chemical laboratory analysis were used to determine the hydrochemical parameters. As a result of the studies it has been determined that the quality of the aquatic environment of the studied natural water bodies is heterogeneous. This is due both to the natural redistribution of the values of the hydrochemical parameters under consideration and to the change in their quantity as a result of the activities of arable fish farms. The most informative water parameters of natural water bodies of Astrakhan region at the stage of organization of fish farms were determination of characteristics of oxygen regime, degree of organic pollution and quantity of such biogenic elements, as mineral nitrogen and phosphorus in the water of streams potentially considered for cropping fish. The above-mentioned environmental parameters, as well as weighted substances, can be recommended for productive ecological monitoring in the operation phase of agricultural fish farms. The hydrochemical parameters of the environment, the definition of which is recommended in watercourses of the Astrakhan region at the stage of organization and operation of farm fish farms.

An analysis was made of the productivity of the measures implemented in the region for the artificial reproduction of Pacific salmon grown at regional fish farms under the jurisdiction of the Okhotsk branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Glavrybvod”. The assessment data used in the study are presented as brief summary results of scientific support for otolith marking in the period 1998-2023.

Ichthyophthyriosis Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is an invasive disease that causes high economic damage to fish farmers. Both commercial and aquarium fish are susceptible to ichthyophthyosis. The article presents the results of treatment, methods of determination, as well as counting rules for determining the intensity of invasion (AI). It was found that the use of malachite green at a concentration of 0.3 g /l was more effective than methylene blue. With early detection of the disease and timely treatment, the survival rate reaches up to 100%.

A comprehensive study of 100 samples of fish meal produced in Russia in 2022-2024 and used in the production of compound feeds for aquaculture was conducted. The samples were divided via cluster analysis into five groups according to chemical composition: the largest group (>50%) was characterized by crude protein content 70.2±0.2%, crude fat 9.40±0.17%, ash 13.7±0.13%. Amino acid analysis revealed high value of protein composition: the sum of essential amino acids was 28.38-31.65 g/100 g of product, non-essential – 34.55-38.02 g/100 g of product. Analysis of essential amino acid ratios confirmed the absence of falsification in the studied samples. The lipid profile was characterized by the sum of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids at least 25% of the total fatty acid content. The acid value of fat in 95% of samples did not exceed 20 mgKOH/g, indicating high lipid quality. The obtained data can serve as a basis for developing specialized quality standards for fish meal for aquaculture feeds.

The article presents data on the commercial stocks and catch of the brown alga Saccharina japonica in the Tatar Strait of the West Sakhalin subzone and other coastal areas of the Far Eastern Seas. The chemical composition of S. japonica is shown depending on the collection period, processing methods, and drying. The technological yield of sodium alginate from S. japonica was 23-25%. The results of studies of the organoleptic and physical-chemical characteristics of sodium alginate, as well as the composition and ratios of the uronic acids in them, demonstrating their sorption activity, are presented. The currently recommended catch (RC) of S. japonica in the West Sakhalin subzone is shown to be 6 thousand tons, and 155.08 thousand tons for all subzones of the Far Eastern fishery basin, from which 171 tons and 3 thousand tons of high-quality alginate can be produced, respectively. Recommended to use S. japonica and other Laminariaceae seaweeds from the Far Eastern Seas as raw material in the production of sodium alginate for the food, medical, and cosmetic industries.

The aim of this study was to substantiate the economic feasibility of using non-traditional plant-based ingredients in minced fish. This article presents the economic prerequisites and technological approaches for the feasibility of using non-traditional plant-based ingredients in minced fish recipes. The criteria for introducing additional components included the functional and technological properties of the raw materials, the compatibility of taste characteristics and color palette, tactility and flavor, rheological properties and consumer properties, as well as the economic feasibility of producing combined food systems. The main principle for constructing a complex raw material system is systems modeling. It incorporates the functional characteristics of biosystems: food products, their ratios in a single sample, the sequence of process operations, and optimization of consumer properties. The subjects of the study were pollock minced fish, non-traditional raw materials (lentils and seaweed), semi-finished fish products, and culinary products. Using systems modeling, a targeted recipe for fish-vegetable minced fish was developed using fresh-frozen pollock fillets, as well as lentils and seaweed (chlorella). Based on the properties and integrity of the biosystem as a whole, achieved through the interaction of the recipe components and the synergistic effects of macronutrients, an additional effect was identified. This effect manifested itself in the emergence of new qualitative properties of the model structure, which are not possessed by the ingredients of the fish system. Considering the emergence principle, a semi-finished fish product can be studied by dissecting it into its components (ingredients), and then, by examining their properties, the properties of the whole—the culinary product – can be determined. Thus, using system modeling, a waste-free technology for producing fish products with increased nutritional value was developed, resulting in economic benefits.

Fish products can be susceptible to various types of microbial contamination, which in turn can negatively impact consumer health. A comprehensive approach to ensuring the microbial and chemical safety of fish products, including the use of ionizing radiation, is an important step toward ensuring food safety and protecting public health. The aim of our study was to scientifically substantiate the conditions for the effective use of innovative ionizing radiation technologies for the disinfection of fish products. We studied the effect of the absorbed dose of irradiated fish products on their physicochemical properties, structural integrity, functional properties, safety indicators, and nutritional value. For this purpose, we determined the quantities of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, the total number of yeasts and molds at various time points, and recorded changes in the physicochemical properties and structural integrity of the fish products. Fish product samples were also tested over a 42-day period under various doses of ionizing radiation (1, 3, and 5 kGy). Ionizing radiation was shown to be effective not only in killing pathogenic microorganisms but also in extending the shelf life of products while maintaining standard quality indicators. This is particularly important for fish products, which have short shelf lives and are susceptible to rapid spoilage even with minor deviations from established storage and transportation conditions. Limitations of the study. The safety of using radiation technologies has not been studied.